Subject, Prepositional and Possessive pronouns - Pronombres personales, preposicionales y posesivos
Beginning I
5.
Subject,
Prepositional and Possessive Pronouns (English)
Personal
pronouns and possessive pronouns exist in both English and Spanish. A personal
pronoun replaces a name so you don’t have to keep repeating it. For example,
“Justin went to the store. He went after work.” We say he so we don’t have to keep
repeating the name Justin. We also use personal pronouns when answering a
question so we don’t have to repeat the name in the answer. A personal pronoun
replaces a personal name (John, Ashley, Bob, Sylvia, etc.). Possessive pronouns
are used to express to whom things pertain. Also, a possessive pronoun is used
so we don’t have to repeat the object possessed.
This lesson
includes information on:
- Subject Pronouns
- Prepositional Pronouns
- Possessive Pronouns
- Related Vocabulary
1. Subject Pronouns
Similar to
English, subject pronouns replace a name for a person.
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
|
Spanish |
English |
Spanish |
English |
|
Yo |
I |
Nosotros, Nosotras |
We (male),
We (female) |
|
Tú |
You
(informal) |
|
|
|
Usted |
You
(formal) |
Ustedes |
You
(formal/informal) |
|
Él |
He |
Ellos |
They
(male/collective) |
|
Ella |
She |
Ellas |
They
(female) |
When
speaking Spanish, verb endings indicate the subject so the subject pronoun is
not typically spoken but only used for clarification. For example,
|
Spanish |
English |
|
Yo llevo el libro |
I carry
the book |
|
Llevo el libro |
I carry
the book |
|
Tú llevas el libro |
You carry
the book |
|
Llevas el libro |
You carry
the book |
2. Prepositional Pronouns
Prepositional
pronouns follow prepositions. Examples of prepositions in Spanish (English):
ante (before), con (with), desde (since,from), hasta (until), para (for), sin (without).
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
|
Spanish |
English |
Spanish |
English |
|
Mí |
Me |
Nosotros |
Us |
|
Ti |
You
(informal) |
|
|
|
Usted |
You
(formal) |
Ustedes |
You
(formal/informal) |
|
Él |
Him |
Ellos |
Them
(male/collective) |
|
Ella |
Her |
Ellas |
Them
(female) |
For
example,
|
Spanish |
English |
|
El libro es para mí. |
The book
is for me. |
|
El libro es para ti. |
The book
is for you (informal). |
When the prepostion con (with) is followed by mí,
or ti a compound
word is formed ending in "go". For example, conmigo
(with me), contigo (with you). With him (él) and her (ella) use consigo (with
himself, herself). Consigo is reflexive which will be
covered in more detail in Beginning Spanish II.
3. Possessive Pronouns
Possessive
pronouns are used to express to whom things pertain. Which possessive pronoun
is used is dependent on the gender of the noun and if it is singular or plural.
|
Possessive Adjective |
Possessive Pronoun |
|
||
|
Singular |
Plural |
Singular |
Plural |
English |
|
Mi |
Mis |
El mío La mía |
Los míos Las mías |
Mine |
|
Tu |
Tus |
El tuyo La tuyo |
Los tuyos Las tuyas |
Yours
(informal) |
|
Su |
Sus |
El suyo La suya |
Los suyos Las suyas |
His,
theirs, yours (male formal) Hers,
theirs, yours (female formal) |
|
Nuestro |
Nuestros |
El nuestro La nuestra |
Los nuestros Las nuestras |
Ours |
A
possessive pronoun is used so we don’t have to repeat the object possessed. For
example,
|
Possessive Adjective |
Possessive Pronoun |
|
Maria tiene mi libro. (Maria has my
book.) |
Maria tiene el mío. (Maria has mine.) |
4. Related Vocabulary
|
Spanish |
English |
|
Yo |
I |
|
Tú |
You
(informal) |
|
Usted |
You
(formal) |
|
Él |
He |
|
Ella |
She |
|
Nosotros |
We |
|
Ustedes |
You
(plural) |
|
Ellos |
They
(male/collective) |
|
Ellas |
They
(female) |
|
Mí |
Me |
|
Ti |
You
(informal prepositional pronoun) |
|
Mi |
My |
|
Mis |
My
(plural) |
|
Tu |
Your |
|
Tus |
Your
(plural) |
|
Su |
His/hers |
|
Sus |
His/hers
(plural) |
|
Nuestro |
Our |
|
Nuestra |
Our
(female) |
|
Nuestros |
Our
(male/collective) |
|
Nuestras |
Our
(female) |
|
La silla |
Chair |
|
|
Table |
|
El árbol |
Tree |
|
La clase |
Class |
|
El cielo |
Sky |
|
El suelo |
Floor |
|
La ventana |
Window |
|
La casa |
House |
|
La escuela |
School |
|
Las plantas |
Plants |
|
El cuaderno |
Notebook |
|
El libro |
Book |
|
El lapicero |
Mechanical
pencil |
|
El lápiz |
Pencil |
|
El borrador |
Eraser |
|
La pizarra |
Board |
|
La regla |
Rule |
|
La bolsa |
Purse |
|
La maestra |
Teacher |
|
El estudiante |
Student |
|
El alumno |
Student |
|
Hablar |
To speak |
|
Caminar |
To walk |
|
Estudiar |
To study |
|
Escuchar |
To listen |
|
Mirar |
To look |
|
Explicar |
To
explain |
|
Llegar |
To arrive |
|
Llevar |
To
take/to carry |
|
Comprar |
To buy |
|
Necesitar |
To need |
|
Preparar |
To
prepare |
|
Comer |
To eat |
|
Vender |
To sell |
|
Comprender |
To
comprehend |
|
Entender |
To
understand |
|
Aprender |
To learn |
|
Beber |
To drink |
|
Leer |
To read |
|
Correr |
To run |
|
Creer |
To think/believe |
|
Vivir |
To live |
|
Subir |
To climb |
|
Asistir |
To attend |
|
Dividir |
To divide |
|
Cumplir |
To finish |
|
Omitir |
To omit |
|
En el colegio |
In the
school |
|
El marcador |
Marker |
|
La hoja de papel |
Piece of
paper |
|
La mochila |
Backpack |
|
En el dormitorio |
In the
bedroom |
|
La cama |
Bed |
|
La manta |
Blanket |
|
La almohada |
Pillow |
|
La funda |
Pillowcase |
|
El colchón |
Mattress |
|
La sábana |
Sheets |
|
El cuarto |
Room |
|
La cortina |
Blinds |
|
La ventana |
Window |
|
El cuadro |
Picture |
|
La alfombra |
Rug |
|
La gavetero |
Dresser |
|
La gaveta |
Drawer |
|
La percha |
Hanger |
|
El camisón |
Nightgown |
|
El pijama |
Pajamas |
|
La mesita de noche |
Night
stand |
|
El enchufe |
Plug |
|
El interruptor |
Light
switch |
|
La lámpara |
Lamp |
|
El cuarto de baño |
Bathroom |
|
El retrete |
Toilet |
|
El espejo |
Mirror |
|
El lavabo
|
Sink |
|
El grifo |
Faucet |
|
El cepillo de dientes |
Toothbrush |
|
La pasta
de dientes |
Toothpaste |
|
El jabón |
Soap |
|
La toalla |
Towel |
|
La jabonera |
Soap Dish |
|
La bañera |
Bathtub |
|
La ducha |
Shower |
|
En la cocina |
In the
kitchen |
|
La estufa |
Stove |
|
El horno |
Oven |
|
El microondas |
Microwave |
|
El mueble de cocina |
Cabinet |
|
El refrigerador |
Refrigerator |
|
La olla |
Pot |
|
La tapadera |
Lid |
|
El escurridor |
Strainer |
|
La sartén |
Pan |
|
El trapo de cocina |
Kitchen
towel |
|
El cuchillo |
Knife |
|
El fregadero |
Kitchen
sink |
|
La esponja |
Sponge |
|
En el comedor |
In the
dining room |
|
El plato |
Plate |
|
El vaso |
Glass |
|
La taza |
Cup |
|
La cuchara |
Spoon |
|
El cuchillo |
Knife |
|
El tenedor |
Fork |
|
La servilleta |
Napkin |
|
La sala |
The
living room |
|
La televisión |
Television |
|
|
Coffee
table |
|
El sillón |
Chair |
|
El sofá |
Sofa |
|
La alfombra |
Rug |