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Imperfect Subjunctive Theory

More on Imperfect Subjunctive

There are 2 forms of the imperfect subjunctive, which are used indistinctly.

1) -ara

  • Take the third person plural form of the preterit (e.g., hablaron)
  • Drop the -on from the end, which gives you the stem (hablar-)
          -a 	                 -amos
          -as 	                 -ais
          -a 	                 -an

Examples:

hablara      habláramos
hablaras     hablarais
hablara      hablaran

bebiera       bebiéramos
bebieras      bebierais
bebiera       bebieran   

viviera       viviéramos
vivieras      vivierais
viviera       vivieran

2) -se

  • Take the third person plural form of the preterit (e.g., hablaron)
  • Drop the -ron from the end, which gives you the stem (hablar-)
          -se 	            -semos
          -ses 	            -seis
          -se	            -sen

hablase      hablásemos
hablases     hablaseis 
hablase      hablasen

bebiese      bebiésemos
bebieses     bebieseis
bebiese      bebiesen

viviese      viviésemos
vivieses     vivieseis
viviese      viviesen

One of the most common uses of the imperfect subjunctive is in a "si" (if) clause. In such a clause it has a hypothetical meaning.

    Si hablara cinco idiomas...
    If I spoke five languages...

    Si comiera más fruta...
    If I ate more fruit...

    Si yo viviera mi vida otra vez
    If I lived my life again...


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