Index to Spanish Topics

Index to Spanish Topics

A

A, used to link verbs, in Linked verbs
A personal; also personal a used with pronouns, in Pronouns; also personal a used with alguien and nadie in Subjunctive in adjectival clauses
AAAA: The four A's rule for the use of direct and indirect object pronouns with commands
Accent marks in Spanish, use of
Active voice, in Passive voice
Adjectival clauses (subjunctive/indicative); also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Adjective, in Parts of speech
Adjectives
Adverb, in Parts of speech
Adverbial clauses (subjuntive/indicative); also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Adverbial conjunctions of time, in Subjunctive in adverbial clauses
Adverbial conjunctions which always take the subjunctive: ESCAPA; also Adverbial conjunctions which always take the subjunctive, in Subjunctive in adverbial clauses
Agradar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Agreement of subject and verb, in Forming sentences
“Ago”: hace and hacía, in Mind your P's and Q's, and in the Preterit tense
“Alone” & “only”: solo vs. sólo, in Mind your P's and Q's
“A.M./P.M./In the morning/afternoon/evening”: De la mañana vs. en/por la manãna, in Mind your P's and Q's
“And” and “or”: the conjunctions y/e and o/u, in Mind your P's and Q's
Anoche vs. Esta noche (“last night” vs. “tonight”), in Mind your P's and Q's
“Another”: otro, in Mind your P's and Q's
Antecedent, in Subjunctive in adjectival clauses
Antiguo, in Adjectives
Aparecer, parecer, parecerse, in Mind your P's and Q's
Aprender vs. enterarse de: “to learn/find out”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“As much”, “so much”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To ask a question”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Aunque, in Subjunctive in adverbial clauses
Avoiding the Passive voice
B

“Because of ...ing”: por + inf., in Mind your P's and Q's
“To become”: ponerse, hacerse, volverse, convertirse en, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To be seated/sit down; be lying down/lie down”, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
“But”: Pero, sino, sino que, in Mind your P's and Q's
“By ... ing”: el gerundio, in Mind your P's and Q's
C

Cardinal numerals, ini in Adjectives
Capitalization, in Forming sentences
Capitalization in titles of articles, books, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
Cardinal numbers
Casarse con and enamorarse de: “to marry (someone)” and “to fall in love with (someone)”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Century”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Commands; see also Commands, in Syntax; see also The four A's rule for the use of direct and indirect object pronouns with commands; see also Informal (tú) commands: “If yes drop the s...”
Command forms based on the subjunctive, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Como (meaning “if”, “because”, “like”, “however”), in Subjunctive in adverbial clauses
Como si with the subjunctive, and Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review; also: como si in Sequence of tenses
Complete sentence, in Forming sentences
Compound (perfect) tenses (of the indicative mood)
Compound tenses, in When to use what subjunctive in Spanish: Sequence of tenses
Con, used to link verbs, in Linked verbs
Conditional (mood/tenses)
Conditional perfect, in Conditional
Conditions (if clauses), in Conditional; also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Conjecture in present time, in Future tense
Conjecture in past time with the future perfect, in Perfect tenses, or with the conditional, in Conditional
Conjunction, in Parts of speech
Conjunctions, adverbial, in Subjunctive in adverbial clauses
Conjunctions y/e and o/u: “and” and “or”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Contrary-to-fact conditions, in Conditional
“To continue (to do something)”, in Mind your P's and Q's
El clima, problema, mapa, etc.: Gender-problem words, in Mind your P's and Q's
Conocer vs. saber: “to know”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Convertirse en, ponerse, hacerse, volverse, “To become”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Cuando and donde in Relative pronouns
Cuestión vs. pregunta, in Mind your P's and Q's
Cuyo, in Relative pronouns
D

Darse cuenta de vs. realizar: “to realize”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Dashes (for direct discourse punctuation), in Forming sentences
Days of the week and “on Monday(s)”, in Mind your P's and Q's
De, used to link verbs, in Linked verbs
De modo que, de manera que (meaning “so that”, “in such a way that”), in Subjunctive in adverbial clauses
Declarative sentence, in Syntax
The definite article with articles of clothing and parts of the body, in Mind your P's and Q's
The definite article with titles + last names, in Mind your P's and Q's
Dejar vs. salir: “to leave”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Demonstrative adjectives, in Adjectives
Demonstrative pronouns, in Pronouns
Demonstratives: How to remember the difference between este and ese
Demonstrative pronouns and accents, in Use of accent marks; see also in Adjectives
Desagradar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Descriptive adjectives, in Adjectives
Desde hace as “for” + period of time with an action/state still in progress, in Mind your P's and Q's, and in the Present tense
Desde hacía as “for” + period of time for an action/state in progress in past time, in Imperfect tense
Dictionary tips, in Forming sentences
Direct and indirect object pronouns with commands: 4 A's rule
Direct commands
Direct discourse punctuation, in Forming sentences
Direct object preceding the verb, in Syntax
Direct object pronouns, in Pronouns
Doler and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Donde and cuando in Relative pronouns
Double object pronouns, in Pronouns; see also Personal pronouns
Doubt and negation, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
E

“Each other” vs. “ourselves”, in Pronouns
El cual, la cual, los cuales, and las cuales, in Relative pronouns
El que, la que, los que, and las que, in Relative pronouns
Emotion, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
En, used to link verbs, in Linked verbs
Enamorarse de and casarse con: “to fall in love with (someone)” and “to marry (someone)”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Encantar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
“To enter/go in”: entrar en, in Mind your P's and Q's
Enterarse de vs. aprender: “to learn/find out”, in Mind your P's and Q's
ESCAPA: Adverbial conjunctions which always take the subjunctive
Esta noche vs. anoche (“tonight” vs. “last night”), in Mind your P's and Q's
Estar + gerund, in Gerunds and the progressive tenses
Estación vs. temporada: “season”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Estar with participle for a state or condition, in the Passive voice
Exclamation and question words and accent marks, in Use of accent marks
F

“To fall in love with (someone)” and “to marry (someone)”: enamorarse de and casarse con, in Mind your P's and Q's
Faltar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Familiar (tú) commands, in Direct commands
Feminine forms of numbers: doscientas ventiuna, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
“To find out/learn”: enterarse de vs. aprender, in Mind your P's and Q's
“For” + period of time with an action/state still in progress, in Mind your P's and Q's, and in in the Present tense
“For” + period of time for an action/state in progress in past time, in Imperfect tense
Formal (usted and ustedes) commands, in Direct commands
Forming sentences
Four A's rule for the use of direct and indirect object pronouns with commands
Future perfect tense (of the indicative mood), in Perfect tenses
Future perfect subjunctive, in Verbos regulares en español: Otros tiempos y formas
Future tense (of the indicative mood)
Future subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive; also Futuro subjunctive, in Verbos regulares en español: Otros tiempos y formas
Future time in the past, in Conditional
G

Gastar vs. pasar: “to spend”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Gender-problem words: el problema, clima, mapa, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
Gente, pueblo, personas: “People”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Gerunds and the progressive tenses
Gerund used after other verbs, in Linked verbs
El gerundio: “By ... ing”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To go out/leave”: salir (and dejar), in Mind your P's and Q's
Governing verb, in When to use what subjunctive in Spanish: Sequence of tenses
Grande y gran (forms), in Adjectives; meaning, also in Adjectives
Gustar and verbs like gustar, in Syntax
H

Hace as “for” + period of time with an action/state still in progress, in Mind your P's and Q's, and in the Present tense
Hace and hacía as “Ago”, in Mind your P's and Q's, and in the Preterit tense
Hacer falta and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Hacerse, ponerse, volverse, convertirse en “To become”: , in Mind your P's and Q's
Hacía as “for” + period of time for an action/state in progress in past time, in Imperfect tense
“Have just” done something, in Perfect tenses
“Had just” done something, in Perfect tenses
Hora vs vez vs. tiempo: “time”, in Mind your P's and Q's
I

“If” clauses, in Conditional; also “If” clauses in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Imperative mood (Direct commands)
Imperative forms based on the subjunctive, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Imperfect tense (of the indicative)
Imperfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
Imperfect subjunctive, alternate form (-se), in More tenses of the subjunctive; also Verbos regulares en español: Otros tiempos y formas
Imperfect subjunctive vs. past perfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
Imperfect vs. preterit
Impersonal expressions which take the subjunctive, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Impersonal vs. personal uses of ser plus adjective in Linked verbs
Importar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
“In the morning/afternoon/evening”: De la mañana vs. en/por la manãna, in Mind your P's and Q's
Indicative mood (look under the subjunctive mood for some contrasts such as Forms of the present subjunctive, or under individual indicative tenses such as the Present, or under types of clauses such as Noun clauses)
Indicative: verbs which normally take it, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Indirect object pronouns, in Pronouns
Indirect object pronouns le & les changing to se, in Personal pronouns
Individuo vs. individual, in Mind your P's and Q's
Infinitive used instead of a noun clause, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Influence or willing, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Informal (tú) commands: “If yes drop the s...”
Information questions, in Syntax
The “-ing” form of verbs as subjects and objects, in Mind your P's and Q's
Interesar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Interjection, in Parts of speech
Interrogative pronouns, in Pronouns
Interrogative sentence,and yes/no & information questions, in Syntax
Intransitive verb, in Syntax
Inverted punctuation, in Forming sentences
Ir a + infinitive, in Future tense
J

Just: “have just” done something, in Perfect tenses
Just: “had just” done something, in Perfect tenses
K

“To know”: conocer vs. saber, in Mind your P's and Q's
L

“Last night” vs. “tonight”: anoche vs. esta noche , in Mind your P's and Q's
Le & les changing to se, in Personal pronouns
“To learn/find out”: aprender vs. enterarse de, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To leave/go out”: salir (and dejar), in Mind your P's and Q's
“To lie down/be lying down; sit down/be seated, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
Linked verbs
Linking verb, in Syntax
Llevar + gerund + period of time for an action in progress in past time, in Imperfect tense
Lo que and lo cual, in Relative pronouns
“To look at”, “to look for”, “to ask for”, “to wait for”, in Mind your P's and Q's
M

El mapa, problema, clima, etc.: Gender-problem words, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To marry (someone)” and “to fall in love with (someone)”: casarse con and enamorarse de, in Mind your P's and Q's
Más que and más de: “more than”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Maybe” followed by subjunctive/indicative, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
La mayor parte de: “Most of”: , in Mind your P's and Q's
Medio, in Adjectives
-Mente added to adjectives to form adverbs: written accent, in Use of accent marks
-Mente, multiple adverbs ending in, in Mind your P's and Q's
Mil: “One thousand”: , in Mind your P's and Q's
“A million (things)”: un millón de (cosas), in Mind your P's and Q's
Mind your P's and Q's: Common problems in Spanish
Miscellaneous pronouns, in Pronouns
Molestar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Monosyllabic pairs of words and accent marks, in Use of accent marks
Mood. See indicative or subjunctive
“More than”: más que and más de, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Most of”: la mayor parte de, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To move”: mover(se) and mudarse, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Mr. and Mrs.”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Mudarse and mover(se): “To move”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Multiple adverbs ending in -mente, in Mind your P's and Q's
N

Nacer (“to be born”), in Passive voice
Negation and doubt, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Noun, in Parts of speech
Noun clauses (subjunctive/indicative); see also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review; see also WIERDO: The use of the subjunctive in noun clauses
Noun clauses: Introduction, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Negation, in Mind your P's and Q's
Nosotros commands
Nuevo, in Adjectives
Numbers; see also Numbers, in Mind your P's and Q's; see also cardinal numerals, in Adjectives
Numbers, feminine forms: doscientas ventiuna, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
O

Object pronouns, position of, in Syntax; see also The four A's rule for the use of direct and indirect object pronouns with commands
Ojalá in Sequence of tenses
“One thousand”: mil, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Only” & “alone”: sólo vs. solo, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Or” and “and”: the conjunctions and o/u and y/e, in Mind your P's and Q's
Ordinal numbers in Numbers; see also Ordinal numbers, in Adjectives
Orthographic changes for verbs in the Present tense
Orthographic changes for verbs, in Forms of the present subjunctive
Orthographic changes for verbs in the Preterit tense
Otro, “another”, in Mind your P's and Q's
O/u and y/e : “or” and “and”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Ourselves” vs. “each other”, in Pronouns
P

Parecer and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Parecer, aparecer, parecerse, in Mind your P's and Q's
Parts of speech
Pasar vs. gastar: “to spend”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Past participles, in Perfect tenses
Past perfect tense (of the indicative), in Perfect tenses
Past perfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
Past perfect subjunctive, alternate form (-se), in Verbos regulares en español: Otros tiempos y formas
Past perfect subjunctive vs. imperfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
Past subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive;
Past subjunctive, alternate form (-se), in More tenses of the subjunctive; also Verbos regulares en español: Otros tiempos y formas
Past subjunctive vs. past perfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
Passive (past) participles, in Perfect tenses
Passive reflexive, in Passive voice
Passive voice
Passive voice: how to avoid it
Pedir vs. preguntar, in Mind your P's and Q's
“People”: gente, pueblo, personas, in Mind your P's and Q's
Perfect tenses, in When to use what subjunctive in Spanish: Sequence of tenses
Perfect tenses (of the indicative mood)
“Perhaps” followed by subjunctive/indicative, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Perifrastic future: ir a + infinitive, in Future tense
Pero, sino, sino que, in Mind your P's and Q's
Personal a
Personal a with “passive” reflexives, in Passive voice
Personal a used with pronouns, in Pronouns
Personal vs. impersonal uses of ser plus adjective in Linked verbs
Personal pronouns; see also Pronouns
Personas, gente, pueblo: “People”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Placement of object pronouns, in Pronouns; see also placement, in Personal pronouns; see also Position of object pronouns, in Syntax
Placement of object pronouns in Direct commands; see also The four A's rule for the use of direct and indirect object pronouns with commands
“P.M./A.M./In the morning/afternoon/evening”: De la mañana vs. en/por la manãna, in Mind your P's and Q's
Pobre, in Adjectives
Ponerse, hacerse, volverse, convertirse en “To become”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Por, used to link verbs, in Linked verbs
Por as “by” in the Passive voice
Por + inf. (“because of ...ing”), in Mind your P's and Q's
Por qué vs. porque, in Use of accent marks
Position of adjectives, in Adjectives
Position of object pronouns, in Syntax
Positions and actions: “to sit down/be seated; lie down/be lying down”, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
Position of object pronouns, in Pronouns
Position of object pronouns in Direct commands; see also The four A's rule for the use of direct and indirect object pronouns with commands
Possessive adjectives, in Adjectives
Predicate, in Forming sentences
Pregunta vs. cuestión, in Mind your P's and Q's
Preguntar vs. pedir, in Mind your P's and Q's
Preposition, in Parts of speech
Prepositions, in Linked verbs
Prepositional object pronouns, in Pronouns
Present subjunctive not used after si, in Conditional
Present tense (of the indicative mood)
Present tense forms of the subjunctive
Present perfect tense (of the indicative mood), in Perfect tenses
Present perfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
Preterit tense
Preterit perfect (pretérito anterior), in Verbos regulares en español: Otros tiempos y formas
Preterit vs. imperfect
Probability or conjecture in present time, in Future tense
Probability or conjecture in past time, with the future perfect, in Perfect tenses, or with the conditional, in Conditional
El problema, clima, mapa, etc.: Gender-problem words, in Mind your P's and Q's
Progressive tenses (and gerunds)
Pronoun, in Parts of speech
Pronouns; see also Personal pronouns
Pueblo, gente, personas: “People”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Punctuation, in Forming sentences
Puro, in Adjectives
Q

Que, in Relative pronouns
Que, used to link verbs, in Linked verbs
Quedar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
“Question” (to ask a), in Mind your P's and Q's
Question words and exclamation and accent marks, in Use of accent marks
Questions: Yes/no & information questions, in Syntax
Quien and quienes, in Relative pronouns
Quotation marks, in Forming sentences
R

The “-ra” past subjunctive
Real vs. unreal conditions, in Conditional; also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
“To realize”: realizar vs. darse cuenta de, in Mind your P's and Q's
Reciprocal pronouns, in Pronouns
Reflexive as a substitute for the Passive voice
Reflexives used with clarifying prepositional phrases, in Pronouns
Relative pronouns
Resultar and other verbs like gustar, in Syntax
Review of the uses of the subjunctive
S

Saber vs. conocer: “to know”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Salir vs. dejar: “to leave”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Santo y San, in Adjectives
The “-se” past subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
“Season”: estación vs. temporada, in Mind your P's and Q's
Sentences, in Forming sentences
Sequence of tenses: When to use what subjunctive
Ser plus adjective in impersonal vs. personal situations in Linked verbs
Ser with participle for the Passive voice
Shortened forms of adjectives, in Adjectives
Si, present subjunctive not used after, in Conditional
Simple tenses, in When to use what subjunctive in Spanish: Sequence of tenses
Sino, sino que, pero, in Mind your P's and Q's
“To sit down/be seated; lie down/be lying down”, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
“So much”, “as much”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Sólo vs. solo, in Mind your P's and Q's; also in Use of accent marks
Spelling changes for verbs in the Present tense
Spelling changes for verbs in the Preterit tense
“To spend”: gastar vs. pasar, in Mind your P's and Q's
Stem changing verbs, in the Present tense
Stem changing verbs, in Forms of the esent subjunctive: -ar/-er verbs and -ir verbs
Stem changing verbs in the Preterit tense
“To stop (doing something)”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Strong stem verbs in the Preterit tense
Subject, in Forming sentences
Subject pronouns, in Pronouns; see also subject pronouns, in Present tense
Subjunctive after como si, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Subjunctive: Forms of the present subjunctive
Subjunctive in adjectival clauses; see also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Subjunctive in adverbial clauses; see also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review; see also Adverbial conjunctions which always take the subjunctive: ESCAPA
Subjunctive in “if” clauses, in Conditional; also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Subjunctive in independent clauses, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Subjunctive in main clauses, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Subjunctive in noun clauses; see also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review; see also WIERDO: The use of the subjunctive in noun clauses; see also Subjunctive or indicative in Spanish noun clauses? WIDEN or CART
Subjunctive/indicative after “perhaps”, in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Subjunctive mood: Introduction, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Summary of the uses of the subjunctive
Syntax
T

Tanto: “So much”, “as much”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Televisión vs. televisor, in Mind your P's and Q's
Temporada vs. estación: “season”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“This” & “these”: Demonstratives: How to remember the difference between este and ese
Tiempo vs. vez vs. hora: “time”, in Mind your P's and Q's
“Time”: vez vs. tiempo vs. hora, in Mind your P's and Q's
Titles (capitalization of) for articles, books, etc., in Mind your P's and Q's
“Tonight” vs. “last night”: esta noche vs. anoche , in Mind your P's and Q's
Transitive verb, in Syntax
Tú commands, in Direct commands; see also Informal (tú) commands: “If yes drop the s...”
U

Único, in Adjectives
Unreal vs. real conditions, in Conditional; also a “If” clauses in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review
Upside-down punctuation, in Forming sentences
Use of accent marks in Spanish
Usted and ustedes commands, in Direct commands
V

Vamos a + infinitive construction, in Nosotros commands
Verb, in Forming sentences
Verb, in Parts of speech
Verbs followed by the gerund, in Linked verbs
Verbs joined to other verbs with preposition, in Linked verbs
Verbs of doubt and negation, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Verbs of emotion, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Verbs of influence or willing, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Verbs which take the indicative, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Verbs which appear to change meaning in the Preterit tense
Vez vs. tiempo vs. hora: “time”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Viejo, in Adjectives
Voice. See Passive voice
Volverse, ponerse, hacerse, convertirse en “To become”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Vosotros commands, in Direct commands
W

“To wait for” “To look at”, “to look for”, “to ask for”, in Mind your P's and Q's
When to use what subjunctive: Sequence of tenses
When to use what past subjunctive: imperfect subjunctive or past perfect subjunctive, in More tenses of the subjunctive
WIDEN vs CART: Subjunctive or indicative in Spanish noun clauses?
WIERDO: The use of the subjunctive in noun clauses
“Will” meaning “to be willing to”, in Future tense
Willing or influence, in Subjunctive in noun clauses
Word order, in Syntax
Written accent marks in Spanish, use of
X

Y

Y/e and o/u: “And” and “or”, in Mind your P's and Q's
Yes/no & information questions, in Syntax
Z