Demonstrative Adjectives

Demonstrative Adjectives

a) Demonstrative adjectives are used to show, demonstrate or pinpoint out nouns (people, places, or things) (whatever is being referred to)

Examples
esta casa esa casa
este libro ese libro

b) Since they refer to nouns, they agree in number and gender with the nouns they modify. That is, there are masculine and feminine, singular and plural forms to match the nouns they modify

Examples
Este auto nuevo. This new car.
Esa mesa vieja. That old table.

c) Este and all its forms mean this or these, and indicate proximity to the speaker

Examples
Este libro es de Carlos. (que yo tengo conmigo This book (that I have with me) belongs to Carlos

d) Ese and all its forms mean that or those, and often indicate proximity to the listener.

Examples
Ese borrador es de Carlos. (que tú tienes) That eraser belongs to Carlos (that you have)

e) Aquel and all its forms mean that or those and often indicate distance from both the speaker and listener or long distance from the speaker.

Examples
Aquel borrador es de Carlos. (que está sobre la mesa) That eraser belongs to Carlos (that is on the table)

f) The masculine sincular forms este and ese end in -e but the plural forms end in -os.

Examples
Ese auto. That car
Esos autos. Those cars.