Interrogative Pronouns

Para vs. Por
Question forming adverbs (Interrogative Pronouns)
Third person and infinitive only verbs
Qué vs. Cuál
Relative Pronouns
Neuter Article
Verb + Preposition + Infinitive

PARA vs. POR
From reading several textbooks:
para- refers to destination, direction
por- refers to explanation, motivation, or reason
Examples will be give for both PARA and POR
PARA
Voy para Nueva Orleans
I go to New Orleans
Mañana me voy para el norte.
"Tomorrow I go toward the north" or "Tomorrow I go to the north."

Lo hago para olvidar.
I do it in order to forget.

Este vaso es para ti.
This cup is for you.

Siento un deseo para (nombre de otro significante.)
I feel a desire for (name of significant other.)

Este regalo es para mi novio.
This present is for my boyfriend.

Masco Rigley's Speariment Gum para no fumar.
I chew Rigley's Speariment Gum in order to not smoke.

Para mí, el proyecto no vale mucho.
For me, the project no to be worth much.

Necesito terminar el libro para el mediodía.
I must finish the book by noon.

Esta tarea es para mañana.
This homework is due tomorrow.

POR

Mañana corro por el valle.
Tomorrow I run through the valley.

Me voy a Nevada por mi asma.
I'm going to Nevada because of my asthma.

Voy por negocios
I go because of business.

Estamos andando por la playa.
We are walking along the beach.

Tommy y Carrie ganan por un voto.
Tommy and Carrie win by one vote.

Tengo una tesis por escribir.
I have a thesis (yet to be done) to write.

Estoy por el tratado.
I am in favor of the treaty.

Voy a estar en Toronto por tres días.
I'm going to be in Toronto for three days.
It works just as well, maybe even better, to say "Voy a estar en Toronto tres días.
One text recommended using 'por' for time expressions only if it was the start of a sentence.
Por tres días caminé las calles de Toronto.
For three days I walked the streets of Toronto.
Pase por aquella puerta y doble a la izquierda.
Go through that (far away) door and turn to the left.

QUESTION FORMING ADVERBS (INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS)

Cómo How
Cuál What
Cuáles What (plural)
Cuándo When
Cuánto How much
Cuántos How many
Dónde Where
Para qué What for
Por qué Why
Qué What
Quién Who
Quiénes Who

THIRD PERSON AND INFINITIVE ONLY VERBS

acontecer- to happen
llover- to rain
nevar- to snow
gustar- to be pleasing
bastar- to be sufficient
costar- to cost
importar- to be important
ocurrir- to occur
QUÉ vs. CUÁL
¿Qué? is closer to "What?" and ¿Cuál? is closer to "Which?"
¿Qué pasa? (very similar to our "what's up?" "What is going on?")
¿Cuál prefieres? (which one do you prefer?)
¿Cuales prefieres? (which ones do you prefer?)
Two forms of 'what is ...?'
Qué + ser works for a definition, an identification, or a classification (nationality, ethnicity, sexuality, political alliance, theological or philosophical belief system, etc.)
¿Qué es otorrinolaringología?
Use ¿Cuál es ... ? for all other "What is ..." questions.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS
Relative pronouns have the same spelling and meaning as interrogative pronouns, except that there is no accent marker.
cual = which
cuales = which (plural)
donde = where
que = that, which
quien = who
quienes = who (plural)
a quien = whom

NEUTER ARTICLE
lo + adjective
"lo" is the neuter article
lo bueno (the good)
lo suyo (the his)
lo mio es suyo (What is mine is his.)
lo + adjective + que
how good, how well, etc.
No sabes lo alegre que me siento ahora.
You don't know how happy I feel now.

VERBS + PREPOSITIONS + INFINITIVE
The following is a list of verbs that require a preposition between the verb and an infinitive
aprender a (to learn to)
ayudar a (to help to)
comenzar a (to begin to)
decidirse a (to decide to)
empezar a (to begin to)
enseñar a (to teach to)
invitar a (to invite to)
ir a (to go to)
negarse a (to refuse to)
resignarse a (to resign ones person to)
venir a (to come to)
volver a (to return to)
acabar de (to have just)
acordarse de (to remember)
alegrarse de (to be glad to)
cansarse de (to tire of)
dejar de (to cease to)
gozar de (to take pleasure to)
olvidarse de (to forget to)
tratar de (to try to)
consentir en (to consent to)
divertirse en (to amuse oneself)
empeñarse en (to insist on)
pensar en (to think of)
tardar en (to delay in)