Online Spanish Grammar Reference Guide  



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A-B
"a" personal
"acabar de"
accent
adjectives
adverbs
algo, nada...
alphabet
apurar
asking questions
augmentatives
"al" contraction
buen vs bien

Adjectives
adjectives
comparative adjectives
demonstrative adjectives
interrogative adjectives
indefinite adjectives
"lo" + adjective
possessive adjectives
superlative adjectives

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C 1
cognates
cognates (false)
common nouns
compound tenses

Comparisons
Comparisons of Equality
- verbs
- nouns

Comparatives
- inferiority
- superiority
- equality

Commands
formal usted commands
affirmative tú commands
irregular affirmative tú commands
nosotros commands

Conditional
Conditional
- hablar, comer, vivir
- ser, estar, ir

Conditional Perfect
- hablar, comer, vivir
- ser, estar, ir

conditional progressive
regular verbs

C 2
con, conmigo, contigo
conditional clauses
conjunctions
conocer
contracto article
contraction "al"
cuánto, mucho, poco
cuyo, cuya...

D 1
darse prisa
dates
days of the week
deber & devolver
deberías vs debes
debe vs debiera
defective verbs
definite articles: el, la...
demonstrative adjectives
demonstrative pronouns

D 2
dependent clauses
- adjectival clause
- adverbial clause
- noun clause

diminutives
diphthongs
direct commands
direct object
direct speech
division of words

E
en cuanto
estar and ser
estar as auxiliary verb
estar: food
estar: uses
expressing existence

F-G
false cognates
family names
gerund
greetings
gustar
gustaría & quisiera

Future Tense
future indicative
irregular verbs
regular -ar verbs
regular -er verbs
regular -ir verbs
use of verb "ir"
use of future

H
haber
haber as auxiliary
haber - express existence
hacer
hay - express existence
hay que - indicate obligation
hay que, había que, haya que
hubiera podido vs podría haber

I
"if" clauses
indefinite articles: un, una...
indirect object
indirect speech
infinitive
interrogative
intransitive verbs
introductions
impersonal "se"
impersonal verbs
impersonal expressions
indicative vs. subjunctive

Idiomatic Expressions
idioms using vez
idiomatic uses of verbs
idiomatic uses of tener
additional idioms
other idiomatic expressions

Imperative
formal commands
informal commands
irregular informal commands
nosotros commands

Imperfect Tense
imperfect indicative
había
irregular verbs
irregular: ir
irregular: ser
regular - ar verbs
regular - er verbs
regular - ir verbs
imperfect vs preterite

Feedback Form

L-M-N
le gusta, les gusta & nos gusta
me gusta & te gusta
nada, nadie, nunca
negation
negative words
nouns
nouns - gender & number
nouns - plural forms
nouns - agreement
numbers - 0 to 20
numbers to 100
numbers - more

O
o changes to u
ordinal numbers
origin with "de"
otro

Passive Voice
Passive Voice
introduction
- ser + past participle
- with se
- se + indirect object pronoun

P 1
para and por
past participle
past participle as adjective
pedir & prestar
pedir vs preguntar
pensar + infinitive
personal pronouns
"personal a"

P 2
polite requests
present participle
pronunciation
por and para
possession with "de"
possessive adjectives
possessive pronouns
pronominal verbs
pronunciation - alphabet
pronunciation - consonants
pronunciation - vowels
pronunciation rules
pronunciation - diphthongs & triphthongs

Prepositions
introduction

Verbs Needing a Preposition
- introduction
- preposition "a"
- preposition "de"
- other prepositions

Perfect Tenses 1
perfect tenses

Future Perfect
- hablar, comer, vivir
- tomar, estar, llegar

Past Perfect
- hablar
- comer
- vivir

Perfect Tenses 2
perfect infinitive

Present Perfect
- regular
- irregular
- irregular 2

preterit perfect

Present Tense
present indicative
irregular verbs
regular -ar verbs
regular -er verbs
regular -ir verbs
stem-changing verbs: e to ie
stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Preterite Tense
preterite
regular -ar verbs
regular -er verbs
regular -ir verbs
ir and ser
irregular verbs
preterite vs imperfect
preterite forms of decir
uses of the preterite

Progressive Tenses
present progressive
conditional progressive
future progressive
imperfect progressive
past progressive
present progressive

Pronouns 1
pronouns
demonstrative pronouns
direct object pronouns
double object pronouns
expressions with pronouns
indefinite pronouns
indirect object pronouns
interrogative pronouns

Pronouns 2
nos and vos
personal pronouns
possessive pronouns
reflexive pronouns
relative pronouns
subject pronouns

Q-R
que
"qué" and "lo que"
questions
¿quién? and ¿quiénes?
quisiera and gustaría
reciprocal reflexive
reflexive verbs
relative pronouns
requests

S
se - passive voice & impersonal
se - unintentional events
sentirse
ser and estar
spanish speaking countries
subject pronouns
subject verb agreement
superlatives
superlatives: ísimo
syllables

Ser
ser and estar
forms of ser
indicating origin with ser
ser as auxiliary
talk about food
tell time
uses of ser

Special Verbs
conocer
doler
gustar
haber
hacer
reflexive verbs
tener
unusual

Subjunctive 1
subjunctive mood
expressing past regrets
future subjunctive
imperfect subjunctive
past perfect subjunctive
present perfect subjunctive
subjunctive vs indicative

Subjunctive 2
Imperfect Subjunctive
- hablar, comer, ir
- dar, volver, comprar
- hypothetical situations
- if clauses

Pluperfect Subjunctive
- hablar, comer, vivir
- ser, estar, ir
- decir, hacer, poder

Subjunctive 3
Present Perfect Subjunctive
- hablar, llegar
- vivir, comer
- querer que, preferir que...
- para que, sin que, etc.
- antes de que, después de que...
- doubt
- creer, dudar

Subjunctive 4
Present Subjunctive
- adjective clauses
- adverbial clauses
- debiera y quisiera
- express feelings
- express hopes
- express needs
- irregular verbs
- ser & estar
- noun clauses
- regular verbs

T-U-V
talking on the phone
tan pronto como
telling time
tener
tener as auxiliary
"tener que"
time expressions
time periods
use of el and los with days of the week
transitive verbs
triphthongs
usted

Verbs
defective verbs
impersonal verbs
infinitive verb Form
intransitive verbs
pronominal verbs
transitive verbs
useful verbs
- with similar meanings
- requiring prepositions
verb overview

W-X-Y-Z
words and phrases
written accent
writing numbers
y changes to e
ya, todavía, aún
yo

Appendix
Exceptions to the Rules on Gender and Termination
Spanish Nouns Used Only in the Plural
Names of Countries and Cities with Corresponding Adjectives
Spanish Augmentatives and Diminutives
Spanish Verbs Which Vary from their English Equivalents
Irregular Spanish Verbs
Spanish Verbs (ir)
Spanish Verbs (er)
Spanish Verbs (ar)




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